Home > Entertainment > Music in India > Types of Odissi Music
Types of Odissi Music
Types of Odissi music cover a rather wide range of styles. There are six major types of Odissi music.

Share this Article:

Types of Odissi MusicTypes of Odissi Music cover a rather large spectrum. The various forms of this classical music style include Champu, Chhanda, Chautisa, Geeta Gobinda, Janan and Bhajan. These different types of Odissi Music are briefly discussed below.

Champu
Kavya with admixture of both prose and poem are known as Champu. In a Champu composition every stanza starts with the same alphabet. This is sung in Raaga and Tala. Instead of Anibadha Alapa there is Rupak Alapa. There is Pada Vinayas, short Swara Uinyas and no Taan.

Chhanda
The main characteristic of these verses is the stress on rhythm. It is set to a definite melody and Raaga. No steps of Raaganga are followed but the traditional technique and colourful Gamaka used here make it a special and very popular style. It is sung in a particular Brutta or Vani. Every Pada of a Chhanda is sung in the same Swara. Singers sing from the Oriya language epics of Mahabharata, Ramayana and from the Indian Puranas.

Chautisa
There are 34 (Chautrisha) Padas in such a composition. Hence it is called Chautisha. Like Chhanda this is based on Brutta or Vani and all the Padas are sung in the same swara. But unlike Chhanda it is always composed with 34 Padas. Every Pada begins with one alphabet of Oriya language and in the 34 Padas 34 alphabets are used in Proper sequence. Among all the Chautisa songs written in Oriya `Manabodha Chautisa` is most popular.

Chaupadi
It consists of four stanzas. This variety of songs is songs of love. The language of the songs is lyrical, simple and direct.

Chaturang
This type of singing is not in popular practice but it comes under the traditional singing style. This type of song is not very old in origin. It consists of four parts, namely, Khayal, Tarana, Saraagam and Tirvat. In the first part, the words of the song are there, the second consists of syllables of Tarana, in the third part a small piece of Sargam is sung in the same Raaga in which Chaturang is sung, and in the last part, the Bols of Mridang or Pakhavaj are recited.

Geeta Gobinda
The Geeta Gobinda is one of the most beautiful works of the performing arts. It is an admixture of song and drama. Through millions of devotees who visited the Jagannath temple from various parts of India, Gitagovindams popularity spread all over India. There are a total of 24 Astapadas and these songs describe the various moods, shades and various episodes of love between Radha and Lord Krishna. They were written in 12th century in Sanskrit language. These verses exude at once spiritualism and eroticism. Oriya music as well as literature bears distinct marks of Jayadeva`s style.

Gita Gobinda, is composed in Gitichhanda. Jayadeva has incorporated the Raaga, Tala etc. in his Prabandhas. He has mentioned the name of Raagas in which the particular Pada should be sung. Nibaddha Alap and short Pada Vinayas are followed but Swara Vinayas and Taan are avoided. These songs are composed on popular Prakrit model but interwoven into Kavya. The musical and poetic potentialities of the compositions of Geeta Gobinda were so rich that they have left indelible mark on the composers of Orissa of the medieval and even of the modern period.

Janana and Bhajan
These are purely devotional songs. In Janana supplication and invocation are made while Bhajan is only in praise of the Lord. In both the types there is only short Nibaddha Alap. There is a difference in Tala in the three systems

Thus discussed are the different forms and types of Odissi music.


Share this Article:

Related Articles

More Articles in Music in India


Manjira - Musical Instrument
Manjira, also known as tala, manjeera, jalra, kartal, or khartal, is a traditional Indian percussion instrument. It consists of a pair of small hand. Manjira is widely used in religious ceremonies, folk music, and classical performances, showcasing its versatility and cultural significance.
Bhavageete
Bhavageete is a form of expressionist poetry in light music. It is a significant genre of folk music that unfolds the realities of life in an eloquent manner.
Kriti Carnatic Music
Kriti refers to one of the most widely used genres of Carnatic music. It originated from the kirtanas of the bhaktas, i.e., musicians who expressed their religious devotion through songs.
Music of Uttarakhand
Music of Uttarakhand has its roots in nature. The folk music of Uttarakhand is based on traditions, festivals and folk legends.
Music of Arunachal Pradesh
Music of Arunachal Pradesh reflects the socio cultural life of the people of that state. Music forms an integral part of the festivities of Arunachal Pradesh.