There are two main bodies of Buddhism, as for example Hinayana and Mahayana. To attain Nirvana or Enlightenment and Freedom from suffering one of the paths offered is Tantrayana which emphasizes the Tantric or mystic aspect of Buddhism involving complex and esoteric rituals. Anutara Yoga Tantra or the Supreme Tantra is one of the class of Tantrayana which combines male tantras and female tantras. Out of which Kalchakra is one of the deities. The rituals and meditations performed to Kalchakra with the ultimate aim of attaining Nirvana or Buddha hood is known as the Kalchakra Puja. The Dalai Lama is presently the ultimate authority in teachings of Kalchakra Puja which His Holiness performs to initiate the disciples.

Kalchakra deity is usually represented in union with his female consort Viswamata. The body of Kalchakra is blue in colour and has multiple necks, shoulders and faces. The many hands of Kalchakra hold various implements. Viswamata, the consort of Kalchakra, has a yellow coloured body, four faces and eight hands.

Like in other Buddhist rituals, the Kalchakra Puja also centres around the Mandala .