Kishkindhya or Kishkindha is a peninsular kingdom which is supposed to have been situated north of Mysore.

The epic Ramayana mentions that Kishkindhya was ruled by Sugriva. Sugriva was the Vanara chief and the younger brother of Bali. Lord Hanuman helped Sugriva in ruling Kishkindhya.

Kishkindhya is situated near the Pampa Saras, now known as Tungabhadra River near Hampi in Karnataka. Risyamuka is the mountain near the river where Sugriva resided along with Hanuman, during the time of his exile. Kishkindhya was taken by Lord Rama from the monkey king Bali, and given back to his brother Sugriva. Sugriva was a friend and an ally of Rama.

Kishkindhya was the region located within the dense forest called Dandaka Forest and was considered to be the territory of Vanaras, or Forest Dwellers. When Sugriva became the king of Kishkindhya then he married Tara, the widowed queen of Bali. All the forest dwellers of Kishkindhya were committed to lord Rama.

In the Ramayana it is mentioned that Lord Rama with the help of the monkey army killed the Rakshasa king Ravana. Then he mounts Vibhishana, Ravana`s younger brother, on the throne of Lanka. Rama rescues his wife Sita and then leaves Lanka and moves towards Kishkindhya with king Sugriva. In Kishkindhya, lord Rama appoints Bali`s son, Angada as prince-regent of that kingdom. After this he proceeds towards his capital Ayodhya of Kosala Kingdom.

A reference of Kishkindha is sited in the epic Mahabharata. Sahadev, one of the Pandava brother and younger brother of Yudhisthira, came to Kishkindha to collect tribute for the Rajasuya sacrifice of the king.