Geography of Banka District in Bihar includes most part of the Chanan River or better known as Chandan River. Chanan River is the main river of Banka District. The Belharni River and Barua River flows in the northwestern area of the district. Chanan and Orhni River flows from middle of the district. The river Cheer meets river Chanan in the north- eastern of Mandar Giri which rises in the east of Mandar.

The climate of this district is characterized by a hot summer and a pleasant winter season. March to June comprises the summer months while the cold season lasts from November to February. Monsoon sets in sometimes in the part of June and the rains continue till September. October being a transitional month the district also receives some winter rains.

The south west monsoon generally breaks in during the second half of June. The bulk of the rainfall occurs in July and August. The average annual rain fall is 1200 mm almost uniformly throughout the district.

In Banka District agriculture is mainly dependant on rainfall. But presently due to errant rainfall the administrative body of the district has arranged for various irrigation facilities in the district. The minerals that are commonly found in the Banka District of Bihar are sand, china clay and granite.

The district also has forested area under Banka, Bounsi Katoriya forest ranges. The wood of Banka range lie on the Hill slopes, those in the other two ranges lie in undulating land. Among the prominent variety of trees in forested areas are the Sal, which is usually found associated with abuns, asan, kendu and mahua. Some other trees are bahera, kadam, amaltas. Among the specials of the acacia are babul, sirish, and sain babul. Among the fruits trees those of mango and jack fruits are common. Plantains, Date plants, Plums, Jamun tree are some of the other important fruits trees.

Monkeys are common in the district, particularly the hanuman. So are jackal, deer, lion, bear, and leopards. Among the latter are Barsingha and Sambhar. Wild geese, duck, leel, and quail are some of the game birds inhabiting the district. Peacocks, Parrots, Hawks, and Doves are other birds found in Katoriya forest or the Chandan forest. Sparrows, Crows and Vultures are also common. Several kinds of fishes are found like Rohu, Katla, Boari, and Tengra.