Administration of Bongaigaon District has been thoroughly framed after the declaration of Bongaigaon as a newly created district. The administrative set up of Bongaigaon district includes several departments like Planning and Development, Revenue Administration, Law and Order and Local Administration. The Deputy Commissioner heads Bongaigaon District Administration. Moreover, he is also responsible to act as the District Magistrate in cases associated with Law and Order and General Administration, Revenue Collector in case of revenue matters, as a District Election Officer in case of conducting Election in the district and more. The Deputy Commissioner is aided by a number of officers in the proper functioning of the administration. He is generally assisted by three Additional Deputy Commissioners in matters relating to Revenue, Development, Personnel, Magistracy, Census, Election, Relief and Rehabilitation, etc.

There are three Sub-Divisions under the administrative set-up of Bongaigaon district of Assam and these are Bongaigaon (Sadar), Bijni and North Salmara. The respective Sub-Divisional Officer administers sub-Divisional Offices. Further, four Extra Assistant Commissioners have been included to support the district administration. The district development is one of the very important sectors of District Administration.

The Deputy Commissioner is responsible for all kind of development activities in the district under various programmes such as MP`s Local Area Fund, MLA`s fund, Untied Fund, Sub-Divisional Plan Scheme Fund, Border Area Development Fund and so on. For all these works, Deputy Commissioner assigns the Additional Deputy Commissioner to look after and co-ordinate various developmental activities undertaken in various sectors. The Additional Deputy Commissioner is aided by the Decentralized Planning Cell of the Deputy Commissioner`s office.

All the development departments in the district like Irrigation, PWD, Health, Education etc. works in proper co-ordination and District Development Committee (DDC) headed by the District Commissioner has been in place to ensure this coordination. Under the Government policy of rapid enlistment of rural population, a District Rural Development Agency is functioning in the district with the District Commissioner as the Chairman and Project Director as its functional head. All schemes for rural development are implemented by the District Rural Development Agency and the Block Development Officers or BDOs help in the implementation such developmental schemes.

Apart from Development matters, Revenue Administration has the key responsibility regarding the Revenue matters. It involves collection and fixing of land revenue, registration, mutation and overall management concerning the land matters, both private and public. Besides the Revenue Branch of the Deputy Commissioner`s Office, which is looked after by the Additional Deputy Commissioner, there are Five Revenue Circles in the district headed by various Circle Officers. Maintenance of Law and Order is another very important aspect of the district administration and the Deputy Commissioner, also being the District Magistrate, is responsible for proper maintenance of the same in the region.

The Additional District Magistrate (ADM), Sub-Divisional Magistrate (SDM) and Executive Magistrate (EM) aid the Deputy Commissioner. The Circle Officer of the circles also functions as Executive Magistrates and is responsible for maintenance of Law and Order in their respective circle areas. The District Magistrate and other magistrates take necessary assistance from the Police Department when such necessity arises. The Superintendent of Police heads district Police Administration. The Police Department has an infrastructure of Eight, Fifteen out-posts and other auxiliary establishments in the entire district. For management and implementation of various development schemes, the administrative set-up of the Bongaigaon District has been divided in two areas and these are Urban and Rural.

To look after the urban area, there are Two Town Committee`s and One Municipality Board, which are as follows -
* Bongaigaon Municipal Board
* Abhayapuri Town Committee
* Bijni Town Committee

Further, to look after the development activities there is One Zilla Parishad, seven Anchalik Panchayat and 93 Gaon Panchayat. The administration of Bongaigaon District is well planned and is responsible for implementing various developmental works for the benefit of the society.