The alcohol prohibition in India is currently in force in the Indian states of Bihar, Gujarat, Mizoram and Nagaland as well as in the union territory of Lakshadweep. These are the dry states in India, where implementing the alcohol prohibition policy has led to lower drinking rates among men as well as a decreased incidence of violence against women.
List of Dry States in India
Discussed elaborately below are few of the dry states in India:
Bihar: One of the recent dry states in India, the alcohol prohibition on Bihar was announced on 26th November, 2015 by Nitish Kumar, the Chief Minister of Bihar and was officially implemented from 5th April, 2016 onwards in a phased manner. In the first phase, the state government had banned country liquor made in the state except Indian Made Foreign Liquor (IMFL). And in the second phase, foreign liquor or IMFL was banned with immediate effect and the people found indulging in manufacturing trade, transportation, sale and consumption of liquor across the state would be punished under the stringent provisions of the Bihar Excise (Amendment) Act of 2016.
Gujarat: Gujarat is the first Indian state to have banned the consumption of liquor from 1961. The state has a sumptuary law in force that proscribes the manufacture, storage, sale and consumption of alcohol. With the Bombay Prohibition Act of 1949 still in force, the state of Gujarat is the only Indian state with a death penalty for the manufacture and sale of homemade liquor that results in fatalities. The legislation is titled the Bombay Prohibition (Gujarat Amendment) Bill, 2009, which was prompted by numerous deaths resulting from the consumption of methyl alcohol.
However, the Gujarat Tourism Department grants a 30 days permit to the tourists to buy alcohol up to a certain quantity. There are 35 stores across the state including 9 in Ahmedabad that sell liquor on production of a physical copy of the permit. Once the permit expires, users are to hand over the unconsumed liquor to the district collector.
Mizoram: The Mizoram Liquor Total Prohibition (MLTP) Act, 1995 banned the sale and consumption of alcohol, which came into effect from 20th February, 1997. In 2007, the MLTP Act was amended to allow the manufacture of wine from guavas and grapes but with restriction on the alcohol content and the volume possessed. In Mizoram, it is illegal to transport these low content alcoholic beverages out of the state. This Act was replaced by the Mizoram Liquor Prohibition and Control Bill of 2014, which was again, repealed on 20th March, 2019 with the Mizoram Liquor Prohibition Bill, 2019.
Nagaland: The Nagaland Liquor Total Prohibition Act (NLTP) banned the sale and consumption of alcohol in 1989, which is currently a total failure as stated by the Congress party. This is because the enforcement of the ban is lax along with the easy availability of Indian Made Foreign Liquor and the illegal transportation of alcohol or bootlegging. Alcohol is smuggled in from the neighbouring state of Assam.
Lakshadweep: The only union territory of India that bans the sale and consumption of alcohol except on the uninhabited island of Banagram, where it is permitted.
Some of the other previously dry states in India are Andhra Pradesh, Haryana, Kerala and Manipur, which had previously enforced, but later repealed the prohibition. Other than dry states, there are also few specific days when the sale of alcohol is prohibited. These are known as the dry days, which are fixed by the respective state governments. Most Indian states observe dry days on major religious festivals or occasions depending on the popularity of the festival in that region. National holidays such as Republic Day, Independence Day and Gandhi Jayanti are usually dry days throughout India. National dry days also occur during Election Commission of India- ordained voting and result days.