Nagaland, a state nestled in the northeastern region of India, has witnessed a dynamic political landscape marked by a succession of Chief Ministers who have shaped its governance. Since its formation on December 1, 1963, Nagaland has undergone several phases of political evolution, each reflected in the leaders who assumed the pivotal role of Chief Minister.

Election Process of Chief Ministers in Nagaland
The Chief Ministerial appointment in Nagaland follows the democratic principles entrenched in the Indian political system. The state legislative assembly elections play a crucial role in determining the Chief Minister. The political party or coalition securing a majority in the assembly elects its leader as the Chief Minister. The Governor of Nagaland, appointed by the President of India, then formally invites the chosen leader to form the government. The electoral process is a reflection of the democratic ethos, with voters actively participating in shaping the political destiny of the state. The Chief Minister, as the head of the elected government, emerges from this democratic mandate, entrusted with the responsibility of translating electoral promises into actionable policies.

Roles and Responsibilities of the Chief Minister
The Chief Minister of Nagaland holds a position of immense responsibility, serving as the head of the government. The roles and responsibilities encompass a wide array of functions, emphasizing governance, administration, and policy formulation. Some key responsibilities of the Chief Minister include:
Policy Formulation: Crafting and implementing policies that address the developmental needs of the state and its citizens.

Administrative Leadership: Overseeing the functioning of the state bureaucracy and ensuring efficient administration.

Legislative Initiatives: Guiding the state legislature in enacting laws and regulations that align with the needs and aspirations of the people.

Representation: Serving as the representative of the state at the national level and interacting with the central government on matters of state importance.

Crisis Management: Navigating the state through challenges such as natural disasters, social unrest, or economic downturns.

List of Chief Ministers of Nagaland:
Here is a list of all the Chief minister who served as head of the state of Nagaland since its inception.

Chief Minister	Tenure	Political Party
P. Shilu Ao	1963 – 1966	Nagaland Nationalist Organisation
Thepfulo-u Nakhro	1966- 1969	Nagaland Nationalist Organisation
Hokishe Sema	1969 – 1974	Nagaland Nationalist Organisation
Vizol Koso	1974 – 1975	United Democratic Front
John Bosco Jasokie	1975- 1975 (10 days)	Naga National Democratic Party
Vizol Koso	1977 - 1980	United Democratic Front
S. C. Jamir	1980 – 1980 (48 days)	United Democratic Front—Progressive
John Bosco Jasokie	1980 – 1982	Naga National Democratic Party
S. C. Jamir	1982 – 1986	United Democratic Front—Progressive
Hokishe Sema	1986 – 1988	Indian National Congress
S. C. Jamir	1989 - 1990	Indian National Congress
K. L. Chishi	1990 – 1990 (34 days)	Indian National Congress
Vamuzo Phesao	1990 – 1992	Nagaland People`s Council
S. C. Jamir	1993 – 2003	Indian National Congress
Neiphiu Rio	2003 – 2008	Naga People`s Front
Neiphiu Rio	2008 - 2014	Naga People`s Front
T. R. Zeliang	2014 – 2017	Naga People`s Front
Shurhozelie Liezietsu	2017 – 2017 (147 days)	Naga People`s Front
T. R. Zeliang	2017 - 2018	Naga People`s Front
Neiphiu Rio	2018 – present (Incumbent)	Nationalist Democratic Progressive Party

President`s rule in Nagaland
President`s rule in Nagaland, a constitutional provision invoked in exceptional circumstances, has been implemented on multiple occasions in the state`s political history. It was imposed during four distinct periods- from 20 March 1975 to 25 November 1977, from 7 August 1988 to 25 January 1989, from 2 April 1992 to 22 February 1993, and from 3 January 2008 to 12 March 2008. Each instance of President`s rule reflects a temporary suspension of the state`s elected government, with governance entrusted to the central administration. These periods are marked by unique political challenges or crises, compelling the central government to intervene in order to restore stability and uphold constitutional order. The imposition of President`s rule in Nagaland reflects the delicate balance between federal and state authority, emphasizing the necessity of preserving democratic values even in times of political turbulence.